Preheat oven to 350°F and prepare cake pans by greasing them and lining bottoms with parchment paper.
In a bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
2.75 cups all-purpose flour 2¾ cups all-purpose flour, 1.5 tsp baking powder 1½ teaspoons baking powder, 0.75 tsp baking soda ¾ teaspoon baking soda, 0.75 tsp salt ¾ teaspoon salt
In a large bowl, cream unsalted butter and granulated sugar until light and fluffy.
1 cup unsalted butter, 1.75 cups granulated sugar Granulated sugar
Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition, then mix in vanilla extract.
4 large eggs room temperature Eggs at room temperature, 2 tsp pure vanilla extract Pure vanilla extract
Alternately add the dry ingredients and buttermilk to the creamed mixture, starting and ending with the dry ingredients.
1 cup buttermilk room temperature Buttermilk at room temperature
Divide the batter evenly into the prepared pans and bake for 25-30 minutes until a toothpick comes out clean.
Allow cakes to cool in pans for 15 minutes, then invert onto a cooling rack to cool completely.
For the frosting, beat unsalted butter until creamy, then gradually add powdered sugar, heavy cream, vanilla extract, and salt.
1.5 cups unsalted butter, 6 cups powdered sugar, 3-4 tbsp heavy cream or milk Heavy cream or milk as needed, 2 tsp pure vanilla extract Pure vanilla extract, 0.25 tsp salt Salt
Gradually add blue food coloring (or optional butterfly pea powder) to achieve the desired blue shade.
Blue food coloring gel Recommended blue gel food coloring, 2-3 tbsp butterfly pea powder For natural blue color
Level the cooled cake layers, apply a thin crumb coat over the entire cake, and refrigerate for 20-30 minutes.
Apply the final layer of frosting smoothly with an offset spatula; decorate as desired.